The University of
Nebraska has a short but succinct suggestion for troublesome
Insects. Here is an excerpt form their website: http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/horticulture/g189.htm
Insect problems vary considerably from
garden to garden and from area
to area within the state. Examine dahlias weekly for
evidence of
damaging insects; be sure to inspect the undersides of the
leaves. Use
insecticides when insects and damage are present, and always
follow
label directions and precautions. Some of the more common
insects you
might encounter are:
• Aphids -- Aphids are small, soft-bodied, sucking insects
that
congregate on the undersides of leaves or on the tips of new
growth.
When abundant they cause yellowing and curling of leaves.
The most
serious damage occurs when aphids transmit mosaic from
infected
plants to healthy plants. Foliar applications of malathion
or diazinon
should adequately control aphids. Applying the granular
systemic
insecticide, disulfoton (Di-Syston two percent granules), to
the soil
provides extended control (six to eight weeks) without the
necessity of
frequent applications. Di-Syston also is effective against
other sucking
insects.
• Leafhoppers -- The potato leafhopper is a frequent pest of
dahlias. Leafhoppers, which are usually found on the
undersides of the
leaves, average about 1/4 inch long, are yellowish-green in
both the
adult and immature stages, and have a curious habit of
running
sideways. Potato leafhopper injury results in severely
stunted plants
that may not bloom. Early symptoms are pale-colored foliage
that curls
and browns along the leaf edges. If the leafhoppers are
present,
malathion or diazinon will control them effectively, or
disulfoton (Di-
Syston) can be used as a soil systemic.
• Plant Bugs -- The four-lined plant bug and the tarnished
plant
bug occasionally damage dahlias. Of the two, the tarnished
plant bug is
the more common. This brownish, triangular-shaped insect
feeds on the
buds, resulting in one-sided flowers. Malathion or rotenone
will control
them, but frequent applications may be necessary if insects
are
abundant. Treat only if the insects and their damage are
present.
• Spider Mites -- Mites are tiny, and difficult to see with
the
unaided eye. Examine the undersides of leaves with a
magnifying lens
to detect mites before they reach damaging numbers, or
briskly tap
foliage over a white piece of paper; mites will drop to the
paper and can
be seen as small moving specks. When mites are abundant,
fine
webbing will be visible on the foliage; leaves will stunt,
curl and turn
bronze. Although seldom a problem, mites can be difficult to
control
once established. Select a specific miticide such as dicofol
(Kelthane)
and make two applications seven to 10 days apart, thoroughly
covering
the undersides of the leaves each time.
• Stalk Borer -- Stalk borers overwinter as eggs on weeds
and
tall common grasses. Upon hatching in spring, the small
worms migrate
to dahlias and bore into the lower stem. Keep the areas near
the garden
free of weeds and grasses, and remove or thoroughly cover
plant
material remaining in the garden in the fall. In severe
problem areas it
may be necessary to apply an insecticide to the lower stem
and around
the plant base weekly during June. Carbaryl (Sevin) is
relatively
effective for stalk borer control.
• Thrips -- Thrips are found in open flowers but also may
damage opening buds if the insects are abundant. They are
likely to be
most troublesome if the weather is hot and dry. Injured
areas turn white
and then dry up. Buds become distorted. If thrips are
present in
damaging numbers, remove and destroy all open blooms; then
treat
remaining buds with malathion or diazinon.
Products listed in this publication are for the convenience
of the reader,
and are not intended as an endorsement. Use all chemicals
according
to manufacturer's recommendations, and follow all safety
precautions to
prevent pollution, or damage to humans, plants and animals.
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